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ObjectiveTo analyze the fingerprint of six pungent herbs based on the molecular connectivity index（MCI）and the matching frequency total statistical moment method， and to study the division and integration of the "imprinting template" of their volatile components， so as to find the common "imprinting template" characteristics of the pungent herbs. MethodThe volatile components of six pungent herbs were extracted by steam distillation， and their fingerprints were established by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS） with a programmed temperature increase（80 ℃ for 5 min， 5 ℃·min-1 to 200 ℃ for 5 min， 2 ℃·min-1 to 230 ℃ for 10 min）， a splitting ratio of 20∶1， an electron bombardment ion source（EI） and the detection range of m/z 35-650， and the average MCI and total statistical moment parameters of the fingerprints were calculated. Then the matching frequency method was used to classify， integrate and confirm the chromatographic peaks of the fingerprints of six pungent herbs. ResultThe average zero order， first-order and second-order MCI values of the volatile components of Pogostemonis Herba， Artemisiae Argyi Folium， Atractylodis Rhizoma， Asari Radix et Rhizoma， Magnoliae Flos and Schizonepetae Herba were 9.02， 5.28 and 5.05， respectively. The average values of peak number， total zero-order moment， total first-order moment and total second-order moment were 60， 169×107， 22.49 min and 36.82 min2， respectively. The 20 integrated imprinting templates were obtained by the matching frequency method for the six pungent herbs， among which three were common imprinting templates with the retention times of （25.97±0.21），（26.90±0.20），（31.64±1.24） min， respectively， and the representative components were valencene，β-elemene， caryophyllin， etc. ConclusionMCI combined the matching frequency total statistical moment can divide and integrate the characteristics of imprinting templates of six pungent herbs， and find their common chromatographic imprinting characteristics， which can provide a reference for the determination of effective substances of pungent herbs.
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ObjectiveBased on the supramolecular "imprinting template" theory， the autonomous action law of the component groups of Shentong Zhuyutang in the preparation process of medicinal materials-decoction pieces-formulas was studied to clarify the quantitative transfer law of its quality attributes. MethodUltra performance liquid chromatography（UPLC） fingerprint of Shentong Zhuyutang was established with mobile phase of 0.4% phosphoric acid aqueous solution（A）-acetonitrile（B） for gradient elution（0-2.5 min， 100%A； 2.5-6 min， 100%-96%A； 6-15 min， 96%-92%A； 15-25 min， 92%-88%A； 25-35 min， 88%-75%A； 35-50 min， 75%-65%A； 50-60 min， 65%-50%A； 60-65 min， 50%-30%A； 65-70 min， 100%A） and detection wavelength of 235 nm， and the total statistical moments， information entropy and primary feeding amount of fingerprint of medicinal materials， decoction pieces and benchmark samples were calculated. Dry extract rate of the benchmark samples， the transfer rates and the addition parameters of medicinal materials-decoction pieces-formulas were calculated. ResultSimilarities of the total statistical moments of UPLC fingerprint of 15 batches of medicinal materials and decoction pieces were>0.89， the relative standard deviations（RSDs） of information entropy of UPLC fingerprint of 12 medicinal materials and decoction pieces were<10%. RSDs of total first-order moment（MCRTT） and information entropy of Shentong Zhuyutang（medicinal materials） were 5.5% and 2.3%， while the RSDs of MCRTT and information entropy of Shentong Zhuyutang（decoction pieces） were 4.8% and 2.6%， respectively. The dry extract rate of 45 batches of Shentong Zhuyutang was 17.2%-20.2%. The transfer rate of medicinal materials to decoction pieces was within the range of data fluctuation， which was 70%-130% of the average value. The overall transfer rates of medicinal materials to decoction pieces and decoction pieces to benchmark samples were 101.8% and 83.0%， respectively. ConclusionThe quality properties of Shentong Zhuyutang benchmark samples can be studied by total statistical moment analysis and primary feeding amount analysis， which can confirm the supramolecular "imprinting template" theory to a certain extent.
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In the era of artificial intelligence based on big data， data acquisition， storage and processing are more convenient， which provides a guarantee for accelerating the development of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， but it has not yet achieved organic integration with TCM theory. Based on preliminary research on the supramolecular "Qi chromatography" theory of TCM， combined with the current development trend of artificial intelligence， this paper analyzed the biological intelligence attribute of the function of TCM supramolecular "imprinting template"， in order to provide reference for the development of TCM drug innovation. Both the human body and Chinese materia medica are giant complex supramolecular bodies evolved from natural organisms. According to the "imprinting template"， the "social molecules" are controlled step by step to form the meridians and viscera. The interaction produces the original theory of TCM， in which the self-recognition， self-assembly， self-organization and self-replication of the "imprinting template" reflect the "intelligence" function attributes：the human body uses the "imprinting template" to self-identify and sense the ingredients of TCM， and store the memory information database in the meridian and collateral organs in the form of "imprinting template"， and then pass the "imprinting template". The comparison， analysis， and judgment of imprinting templates guide the self-assembly， self-organization and self-replication among "molecular society"， synthesize biological machines， produce biological functions， repair or strengthen biological supramolecular bodies， and present the most basic "intelligence" attribute. This suggests that the theory of theory-method-prescription-medicine of TCM is the weak embodiment of biological "intelligence"， while the human brain function is the strong embodiment of biological "intelligence". Since the intelligent function of supramolecular "imprinting template" runs through the natural world， artificial intelligence that can characterize the strong "intelligence" form of the human brain will also be integrated into all aspects of the natural world， suggesting the development direction of "intelligence" functionalization of drug innovation mode.
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The present work is to analyze the HPLC fingerprints of mulberry-sourced materials(Mori Ramulus, Mori Folium, Muri Cortex, Mori Fructus) using the fingerprint division total statistical moment method and information entropy, and to study the diffe-rences of the chemical components and the overall characteristics of the imprinting template in different parts of mulberry-sourced medicinal materials, so as to provide the basis for finding the effective substances in response to "homologous and different effect" of mulberry(Morus alba). The fingerprints of 24 batches of mulberry-related materials, such as Mori Ramulus, Mori Folium, Muri Cortex, Mori Fructus, were established, and the similarities and differences of the fingerprints were analyzed by calculating the division total statistical moment parameters and information entropy. The AUC_T, MCRT_T, VCRT_T and H values of 24 batches of mulberry-sourced materials were less than 0.05, with significant difference. Among them, all samples showed absorption peaks within 3-11, and 20-24 min, indicating that the four types had the identical or similar chemical composition in the same time period. After 34 min, none of the four types showed absorption peaks. Greater VCRT_T value of the fingerprints of the four kinds was observed at the retention time ranges of 3-4, 16-18, 25-27, and 31-32 min, indicating that the components of the four kinds were significantly different in these time periods; and VCRT_T value of the mulberry was significantly higher than that of the other three kinds of medicinal materials at the retention time windows of 3-4 and 15-17 min; the VCRT_T value of the mulberry white skin was significantly higher at the time windows of 8-10 and 28-30 min; the VCRT_T value of all four kinds was significantly higher within 21-23 min, indicating that the four herbs contain the same or similar components in the chromatogram during this period, but there may be significant differences between the content and the proportion. In addition, the information entropy of mulberry branches is the largest at 7-12, 23-27 min, and that of mulberry fruits is the largest at 2-8 min, which indicates that the components of mulberry branches and mulberry fruits respond greatly in the corresponding period of time, which is also the main peak period of their chemical components. For the chemical components and corresponding efficacy here. The results showed that there are significant differences in the components and contents of mulberry-sourced medicinal materials. The division total statistical moment and information entropy of the total amount of segments can be used to analyze the differences in the components of "homology and different effects", which could provide a more comprehensive analysis method for the determination of quality markers.
Subject(s)
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Entropy , Fruit , Morus , Plant LeavesABSTRACT
At present, the 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is rampant all over the country, and controlling the spread of its epidemic has become a top priority. It is very difficult to control the epidemic spreading because there is no specific drug to fight against it. Therefore, it is urgent task for us to develop a specific drug as soon as possible, and attracting worldwide attention. The studies on anti-2019-nCoV drugs were generally carried out in three modes, as vaccine, chemical drugs and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Because the developing on vaccines and chemicals takes too long, it is hard to solve the urgent problem. Moreover, the RNA of coronavirus has been recombined so quickly that the vaccines and drugs studied with great efforts not only may miss the epidemic time, but also cannot be used in the next generation of new coronavirus treatment, as a result that the work of epidemic prevention is formidable. However, the prescriptions from traditional Chinese medicine theory can cure the epidemic disease, but how to develop it into a specific drug with clear chemical composition and clear pharmacologic mechanism, is also an urgent problem to be solved. In this paper, the new coronavirus and its drug development are reviewed, while the advantages and disadvantages are analyzed, and the drug dilemma research phenomenon is clarified by using the supramolecular “qi chromatography” theory. It is suggested that the strategy of anti-coronavirus drug developing should be put forward based on the impact of “qi chromatography” of biological supramolecular “imprinting template”, in order to develop new drugs against 2019-nCoV to control the spread of the epidemic as quick as we can, and establish a new research and development model of anti-coronavirus drug on integration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine, turning passive into active.
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Objective:The molecular connectivity index method and total statistical moment method were used to control the quality of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， and the stability and consistency of volatile components of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos were clarified. Method:Volatile oils in Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos from different producing areas was extracted for GC-MS determination with electron bombardment ion source， ion source temperature of 230 ℃， and detection range of m/z 35-650. Then National Institute of Standards and Technology （NIST） 05 and ChemicalBook database were used for qualitative analysis of these volatile components， the peak area normalization method was used for quantitative analysis， and the total statistical moment parameters and the zero-order， first-order， second-order， third-order molecular connectivity indexes of the components were calculated. Result:Number of peaks （RSD were 28.5%， 33.4%， respectively）， total zero-order moments （RSD were 55.5%， 128.9%， respectively） and total second-order moments （RSD were 15.3%， 21.5%， respectively） of 10 batches of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos were unstable， indicating that the types and contents of volatile components fluctuated sharply， but the total first-order moments （RSD were 7.5%， 8.8%， respectively） and the zero-order， first-order， second-order and third-order molecular connectivity indexes （RSD ranged from 8.1% to 10.3% and 4.2% to 5.5%， respectively） were relatively stable， indicating that the overall "imprinting template" of the components was similar. Statistical analysis of each parameter found that there were no significant differences in the number of peaks， total first-order moments and zero-order， first-order， second-order， third-order molecular connectivity indexes between volatile oils from Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos. Conclusion:Under the guidance of supramolecular gas evolution "imprinting template" theory， the molecular connectivity index method and total statistical moment parameters are used to jointly characterize the "imprinting template" of TCM components in vitro， which can control the stability and consistency of TCM quality.
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The selection of appropriate extraction technology of Chinese materia medica (CMM) is the key phase in the preparation process of CMM preparation, and it is also the hot spot the industry personnel concerned about. In recent years, the extraction principle of CMM has been innovated, the technology has been improved and new ideas and methods have emerged. In the face of different kinds of extraction methods of CMM, how to select or innovate the appropriate extraction method to extract the effective components of CMM is a common difficult problem in accordance with the characteristics of multi-component groups of CMM. Therefore, it is urgent to sort out the extant situation of CMM, discuss the characteristics of interaction between multi-components of CMM and propose a set of optimization extraction methods adapted to multi-component objectives. Based on the above discussion, this paper firstly summarizes the present situation of CMM extraction, and introduces supramolecular chemistry, combined with supramolecular imprinting templates theory to put forward the theory, the method and the technology of qualitative and quantitative extraction of Chinese medicines which is suitable for the characteristics of active ingredients of Chinese medicines from the perspective of molecular social interaction. The aim is to promote the development of the extraction technology of CMM, make progress in the production technology of CMM preparations, and accelerate the process of modernization of CMM pharmaceuticals.
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Based on the special influence of supramolecular chemistry on the four-character theory of Chinese materia medica (CMM) proposed in the early stage of this laboratory, this paper further analyzes the historical evolution and research situation of CMM lifting and lowering, and uses the supramolecular “imprint template” theory to analyze the “lifting and sinking” of CMM, and proposes evaluation method of CMM floating and sinking. The human body and CMM are “imprinted templates” of the aggregation of imprinting function, under the effect of the “imprinting template”, different types of Chinese native medicine ingredient targets with human targets through “lock-and-key” relationship in non covalent bond, the role of CMM object supramolecular by key can correct human body supramolecular in the processes of self-recognition, self-organization, self-assembly, self-replication when the fever, disorder of qi occurs. The human body has the ability to resist the invasion of external diseases and pathogens, which depends on the normal “rise and fall” of human qi; CMM has the property of floating and sinking, and can eliminate diseases. It depends on its adjustment of qi disorder of human body, or compliance with qi and removing pathogens to enhance the ability of immunity. Based on this, on the basis of analyzing the pharmacological effects of the rise and fall of CMM, the material basis of the lifting and lowering of CMM was explored, and the evaluation method of the lifting and lowering of traditional Chinese medicine was established. The supramolecular “imprinting template” theory is used to analyze the lifting and lowering of CMM, revealing its scientific connotation and promoting the continuous innovation of CMM pharmacology theory.
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The five-flavor theory of Chinese materia medica (CMM) is the core content of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which characterizes the characteristic property of CMM components and is used for clinical guidance. However, it is still unclear how the five flavors are used to characterize the many groups of ingredients, the criteria for dividing the five flavors of herbs, and the scientific issues of the five flavors and the five internal organs. This paper analyzes and summarizes the historical evolution and research status of five-flavor theory of CMM. The supramolecular “imprint template” theory is used to analyze the five flavors of CMM: human and CMM are biological supramolecular bodies, and traditional Chinese medicine is used as a natural supramolecular “imprint template” aggregation. After the human body, it is inevitable to find self-recognition, self-organization, self-assembly and self-replication of the supramolecular body of the human organ that coincides with its own “imprint template”, so as to produce specific effects, and macroscopically show the five flavors of CMM with meridian tropism in five internal organs. Therefore, through the qualitative and quantitative study of the characteristics and action of the supramolecular “imprinting template” of various components of five flavors of CMM in vivo and in vitro and its network pharmacology, “Chinese herbal medicine group-taste bud supramolecular pore structure-meridian visceral cavity” correlation research method was established. From the macroscopic and microscopic aspects, the five flavors of CMM are studied. The combination of supramolecular chemistry theory and traditional Chinese medicine will certainly promote the development of TCM and realize the modernization of TCM.
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Research and development of classical prescription of Chinese medicine has become one of the hot spots in the research of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and the successful development of the primary standard is crucial to the application of the classical prescription of Chinese medicine. Primary standard of classical prescription is not only the benchmark to measure the quality of preparation of classical prescription, but also the material basis of whole prescription. The development and quality control mode of single component of western medicine is not suitable for the development of TCM preparation with integral medicinal function. Thus, it is very urgent to develop an exclusive research and development model for TCM. In order to break through the quality control technology of primary standard of classical prescription, and comprehensively and accurately elucidate the transmission rule of the component group value of medicinal materials-decoction pieces-primary standard of classical prescription with the present modern science and technology, the genetic polymorphism of TCM, extraction kinetics, total quantum statistical moment (similarity) method of fingerprint and supramolecular imprinting template were combined and applied to the development of primary standard of classical prescription. In this way, the development and quality control of TCM will be realized in a real sense and the development of classical prescription of Chinese medicine will be accelerated and promoted.
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The ancient famous classical formulas were developed based on the characteristics of excellent curative effect, small toxic and side effects, and wide clinical application. Its development will promote the development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with huge social and economic benefits. TCM and TCM compounds are multi-component systems, which are multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway effect on human body, their curative effect is the result of synergistic effect of multi-component. Because of its characteristics, its mechanism of action is still unclear and quality is difficult to control. Therefore, on the basis of biological properties of the multi-components of TCM, it is the key issue to study the preparation process of the medicinal materials-decoction pieces-preparations and the transferability, stability and homogeneity of the quality attributes. Moreover, the supramolecular theory can explain the basic theory of TCM from the macroscopic and microscopic aspects, the study of ancient famous classical formulas can use the supramolecular theory. Both TCM and human body are giant complex supramolecules, and their components are clustered objects reflecting the characteristics of the original imprinting template with genetic polymorphism. The quality attributes, processing, formulation preparation and quality attribute evaluation of TCM are all affected by supramolecular chemistry, which is finally reflected in the preparation of imprinting template and the transfer law of quality properties. Therefore, the application of supramolecular imprinting template theory to study the biogenetic polymorphism of TCM, processing, formulation preparation and quality attribute evaluation of medicinal materials can improve the availability rate of successful research and development of ancient famous classical formulas.
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Based on the previous theory of supramolecular “imprinting template”, the historical evolution and research status together with the generation of four properties of Chinese materia medica (CMM) were analyzed and summarized by using supramolecular chemistry theory: Human and Chinese medicine are giant complex supramolecular systems with the same “imprinting template”. Different types (heat and cold) of active ingredients (guest molecules) of CMM and humans (host molecules) in different states bonded by non-covalent, releasing (or absorbing) energy, which can correct the self-recognition, self-organization, self-assembly, and self-replication of the body’s basic supramolecular attacked by cold or heat, in order to make the body back to normal, in short the macroscopic manifestation was four properties of CMM. Thus, two methods were proposed for four properties of CMM including in vivo and in vitro ones, the former one includes physical internal energy method and host-guest separation and supramolecular polymer preparation; In vivo method includes biological thermal studies, animal behavioral observations, and body surface temperature observations. The supramolecular “imprinting template” theory is a key for studying four properties of CMM, the combination between supramolecular chemistry theory and traditional Chinese medicine theory will certainly become a powerful method to promote the modernization of CMM.
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Chinese material medica (CMM) is the foundation for treating disease using traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which is not only guided by the basic theory of TCM but also follows the general rules of drug action. There are both toxicity and efficacy in TCM. For TCM the integrated regularities of its toxicity and efficacy were demonstrated in their prescription, which were qualitatively characterized by compatible experiences such as "seven emotions", "Yin" and "Yang" compatibility, etc. When the toxicity is still produced by oral administration according to the prescription of TCM theory or administration is not abided by original requirement, the integral regularities of toxicity and efficacy that depends on experience appears to be at a loss what to do. Especially in recent years, with the modernization of TCM and the continuous advantages in new medicinal innovation, the CMM safety incidents occurred frequently. It is very urgent for us how to establish a set of integrated methods that are adequately situated to multiple components for TCM. With the combination of the biological supramolecular chemistry and the basic theory of TCM, an integrated model of toxicity and efficacy based on TCM supramolecular "imprinting template" has begun to take shape. The CMM and the human body are both biological supramolecular bodies that follow the autonomic action rules of their "imprinting template". The integrated trends of toxicity and efficacy are able to build on systematical results of single components in CMM based on the theory of TCM to treat diseases by prescription on syndromes. It is also the systematic actions resulting from single effective components in CMM by the supramolecular "imprinting template" self-acted regularities. Through the qualitative and quantitative analysis of supramolecular "imprinting templates" characteristics and actions and their network chromatotoxicometrology (chromatopharmacometrology), a toxic and effective integrated analysis methods will be established on an integrated "therapeutic window" for components in the CMM. This effort will finally permit the description of the components of the pharmacokinetic overlaid law of "therapeutic window", plotted to lower-overflow, entering and higher-overflow profiles.
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The molecular connectivity index was adopted to explore the characteristics of supramolecular imprinting template of herbs distributed to liver meridian, in order to provide scientific basis for traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs) distributed to liver meridian. In this paper, with "12th five-year plan" national planning textbooks Science of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Chemistry of Traditional Chinese Medicine as the blueprint, literatures and TCMSP sub-databases in TCM pharmacology of northwest science and technology university of agriculture and forestry were retrieved to collect and summarize active constituents of TCM distributed to liver meridian, and calculate the molecular connectivity index. The average molecular connectivity index of ingredients distributed to liver meridian was 9.47, which was close to flavonoid glycosides' (9.17±2.11) and terpenes (9.30±3.62). Therefore, it is inferred that template molecule of liver meridian is similar to physicochemical property of flavonoid glycosides and terpenes, which could be best matched with imprinting template of liver meridian.
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Controlled sustained-release preparation (CSRP) is a definitely important source of innovative medicines, however, its further researches and development are limited due to the complexity of Chinese medicine (CM) compositions, and a series of unclear key problems like the apparent properties from physical and chemical aspects. Combined with the CM characteristics of the multiple components and synergistic effect, a series of bottleneck problems in the preparation of CSRP were analyzed. Then the mechanism and influences of supermolecular chemical theory in the CSRP about the multiple-components overall-control were explored under the guideline of "overall control, synchronous dissolution" in CSRP, based on the previous explications about supramolecular chemistry theories and with the application of single component precision controlling technologies. The supermolecular mechanism of multi-component overall control and synchronous release of the CSRP was investigated, providing an useful academic reference for the research and development of the CSRP and laying the theoretical and technical foundation for the manufacturing process of CSRP.
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The study focused on the in vitro release of Buyanghuanwu (BYHW) elementary osmotic pump sustained release tablets. Its band similarity was calculated by the total quantum statistical moment. Meanwhile, in vitro release characteristics were analyzed to discuss the existence of supramolecular imprinting templates. The results show that the same imprint templates may exist in different structures of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)'s multi-components. The BYHW sustained release tablets prepared by elementary osmotic pump can meet the objectives of "overall control, synchronous release". However, the supramolecular imprinting templates in TCM compound prescriptions should be further explored, the overall and synchronous release of different components was controlled through imprinting templates, so as to seek the more suitable sustained release preparation technology for multiple components of TCM, and make it in line with the characteristics of TCM.
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More and more disputes have happened to confront us continuously since the separation of Japanese(wild) honeysuckle flower in Chinese Pharmacopoeia in 2005. The state pharmacopeia committee decided to separate Japanese(wild) honeysuckle flower into two species for japanese(wild) honeysuckle flower, but didn't define their the convincing reasons still did not provide to us as a result that two medicines are not described the differences in natural properties, efficiency and indication, usage and dosage, as well as not given a resolving methodand specific solution. It was known for us that in the history of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）, the phenomenenphenomena of the "one drug from multi-species" and "one species for multi-drug" are very ordinary thingswere ubiquitous. Whether separation of the drug species are separated shall be decided to by clinical efficiency. Through Chinese pharmacopoeia (2015 edition) issue of Chinese Pharmacopoeia the 2015 issue of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, we still cannot find a scientific solution for the dispute of for Japanese (wild) honeysuckle flower, perhaps because of insufficient reorganization of TCM clinical medication regularities, such as "treatment of different diseases with same drug", " treatment of the same disease with different drugs" and "treatment of the same syndrome with multi-prescriptions", and "one prescription treating multiple syndromes"; lack of in-depth analysis for multi-component TCM compounds and autonomisation of "supermolecular template" for organs and meridians; less attention to the advance of efficacy and safety evaluation technologies for multi-component TCM compounds; impacts from the medication mode of "one ingredient-one composition-one effect"; as well as insufficient research methods for bioequivalent evaluation in preclinic and clinic studies . The dispute for species combination or separation for Japanese(wild) honeysuckle flower was apparently caused by regional economy, drug biological equivalent of efficacy and safety, but arising from clinical principles for systematical syndrome treatment with TCM, or concepts in the treatment of diseases with TCM or western medicines. This paper focused on current studies on Japanese(wild) honeysuckle flower in the combination with TCM clinical medication regularities, such as "treatment of different diseases with same drug", "treatment of the same disease with different drugs" and "treatment of the same syndrome with multi-prescriptions", and "one prescription treating multiple syndromes", expounded the specific pharmacological regularity of "heterogeneous equivalence" of Japanese (wild) honeysuckle flower, and put forward methods for studying bioequivalence of Japanese(wild) honeysuckle flower, in order to solve the combination and separation of Japanese(wild) honeysuckle flower and lay a foundation for promoting the development of Chinese herbal medicine industry.
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The (anaphylactoid) hypersensibility mechanism of ″imprinting templates″ characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) injection supramolecules was clarified to lay the foundation to build safety evaluation method. Based on the previous publication on special impact of Chinese medicine theories on supramolcular chemistry, combined with the natural origination of (anaphylactoid) hypersensitized special rules as well as the sensitization phenomenon of cordate houttuynia injection, the impact of the structure characteristics of ″imprinting templates″ in TCM injection supramolecules on its (anaphylactoid) hypersensibility was clarified. In Chinese medicine injections, the supramolecular structures can independently be generated, showing overall apparent (anaphylactoid) hypersensibility nature, and their structure characteristics were dependent on the strength. In addition, (anaphylactoid) hypersensitive critical supramolecular structure was present. When it was administrated by ″injection″, it's structure was not easy to be destroyed, often showing apparent immunogenicity, whereas if it was administrated by ″oral″, the structure would be destroyed by the gastrointestinal tract, showing weaker or no apparent immunogenicity. Therefore, there are differences in (anaphylactoid) hypersensibility between ″injection″ and ″oral″ administration of TCM. TCM injections would produce the supramolecules between ″molecular society″ by independent reaction of supramolecular ″imprinting template″ (chemical determinants), showing apparent immune process of recognition, copying, and storage. Single molecule is a special example for this. The screening of anaphylactoid (sensitinogen) includes the single ingredients and their forming supramolecules for TCM injection. This is the unique feature for safety evaluation of Chinese medicine injection.
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To analyze the research status of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) processing and key scientific issues to be resolved by using characteristic of TCM biological supramolecules and reaction theories of 'Qi chromatography' to human being, and then put forward the solution countermeasures. Based on the previous explications of theories of the Chinese medicine with supramolecular chemistry as 'Qi chromatograpy', biological supramolecular chemistry theory was used to explain the root of the problem in TCM processing and form the countermeasures for supramolecular chemistry research in the processing of TCM decoction pieces. TCM is a huge complex biological supramolecular body, so the processing of TCM is in view of the processing of huge complex biological supramolecular body. In nature, it is a TCM pharmaceutical technology with chemical changes of the subject and object of biological supramolecular body with or without auxiliary materials, under the condition of high temperature and high humidity. Supramolecular chemistry was throughout the processing of TCM, so the use of supramolecular technology was appropriate in research. TCM decoction pieces were the product of subject and object molecular changes after supramolecular chemistry reaction, with changes in physical and chemical properties of the subject and object molecules, such as bound water overflow, chemical bond rupture, dehydration, carbonization, and reaction with auxiliary materials. Changes in drug property and drug efficacy after processing depended on the degree of subject and object "imprinting template" change, which can be measured by 'Qi chromatography' function of supermolecular imprinting template in human body. In this paper, the research ideas, methods, variety attribution, processing principle, quality standard and clinical application were analyzed to find out the sticking point of the problems, and form the countermeasures with supramolecular chemistry as the core. The processing of TCM is a chemical technology of biological supramolecular body based on the function of supermolecular 'imprinting template' (medical element) of human meridian-viscera, and its reaction products (decoction pieces) showed determinacy when used alone and compatibility when used together, which may constitute a compatible drug delivery system of TCM in clinical application.
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Objective: Based on supramolecular imprinting template self-recognition theory, to lay the foundation for the in vitro channel tropism research methods of Chinese materia medica (CMM). Using alizarin as imprinting template feature monomer, in vitro affinity chromatography of different pig organs was performed to test the mechanism of alizarin belonging to the liver meridian. Methods: The liver, lungs, tongue, abdominal muscle, leg muscle groups, and other tissues of pigs, as stationary phases, were made into column chromatography. Using PBS as the mobile phase, in vitro affinity chromatography experiments with alizarin belonging to the liver meridian and white sugar belonging to the spleen meridian were conducted, the content of eluent alizarin was measured by HPLC and the content of sugar was measured by UV. By using the analysis of total statistical moment, the various chromatographic parameters and chromatography equations were obtained. Results: The chromatographic parameters for the alizarin in liver, lungs, tongue, abdominal muscles, leg muscles were as following: C0: 0.2509-4.813 mg/mL; AUC: 2.509-48.13 mg; VR: 20.42-30.77 mL; σ2: 282.6-532.7 mL2; H: 14.13-26.63 mL; n: 1.212-1.777; S: 0.759 0-1.000. In the positive control group, the adsorption capacity of liver for alizarin was the strongest, and abdominal, leg, lungs, and tongue were weakened in turn. While in the negative control group, the adsorption capacity of liver for glucose (white sugar) was not the strongest. Conclusion: The adsorption capacity of liver for alizarin is the strongest, and liver has an affinity for alizarin by the super molecular imprinting templates, and it matches the theory of meridian belonging to the liver, which would establish the in vitro channel tropism preliminary research methods of CMM.